CHACO GRANULATED TOAD Rhinella major CHACO
Though amphibians require water for breeding many are able to withstand extremely dry conditions for much of the year, adopting a range of ingenious adaptations to avoid drying out - so you will find that amphibian diversity in the Chaco is surprisingly high! The Granulated Toads are small toads, but instantly recognisable by his warty skin. They are nocturnal, avoiding the heat of the day by sleeping in underground burrows, often two or three individuals cramming into a single hole. Following a revision of the subspecies of Rhinella (=Bufo) granulosus, Narvaes (2003) considered that various forms should be better raised to species level. Four species now occur in Paraguay.
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FIGURE 1 - (FPANF8PH) Adult, PN Teniente Enciso, Departamento Boquerón (Paul Smith October 2009).
FIGURE 2 - (FPANF9PH) Adult singing, PN Teniente Enciso, Departamento Boquerón (Paul Smith October 2009).
FIGURE 3 - (FPANF10PH) Adult, PN Teniente Enciso, Departamento Boquerón  (Paul Smith July 2006).
FIGURE 4 - (FPANF11PH) Same individual dorsal (Paul Smith July 2006).
FIGURE 5 - (FPANF12PH) Burrow under paving slab, PN Teniente Enciso (Paul Smith July 2006).
FIGURE 6 - (FPANF461PH) Adult lateral, Estancia Tres Hermanas, Departamento Concepción (Paul Smith August 2011).
FIGURE 7 - (FPANF462PH) Same individual as (FPANF461PH) lateral (Paul Smith August 2011).
FIGURE 8 - (FPANF463PH) Same individual as (FPANF461PH) dorsal (Paul Smith August 2011).
FIGURE 9 - (FPANF464PH) Same individual as (FPANF461PH) ventral (Paul Smith August 2011).
FIGURE 10 - (FPANF465PH) Same individual as (FPANF461PH) fore foot (Paul Smith August 2011).
FIGURE 11 - (FPANF466PH) Same individual as (FPANF461PH) hind foot (Paul Smith August 2011).
VIDEO - (FPANF13VI) Same individual as (FPANF9PH) singing (Paul Smith October 2009).
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Rhinella major Click the link to hear the call.
1 (FPANF658RE) Song recorded PN Tte Enciso, Departamento Boquerón (Paul Smith October 2013). 
2 (FPANF659RE) Clasp call recorded Fortín Toledo, Departamento Boquerón (Paul Smith October 2013).