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Dynamine artemisia artemisia (Fabricius 1793)
ENG: Small Eyed Sailor, Drop with Monocle
ESP: Gota con linea
JIZ: One of the "blue sailors". Forewings triangular with relatively straight costa, and rounded apex and tornus. Hindwing rounded. Poses with wings folded in sunny areas. Attracted to dung and enriched muddy surfaces. Can be approachable. Sexually dimorphic. FLI: Fluttery but purposeful within 1m of the ground.
UPP: M (Fig 1) Forewing mostly greenish-blue with broad black apices and thin black costa and outer margin. Black margins have a single "tooth" on both the costa and outer margin which demarcate a slightly paler area of greenish-blue on the outer wing, and a discrete but diffuse pale bluish-white smudge is present towards the apex, completely surrounded by black. Hindwing mostly greenish-blue with a thin black margin and a thin black submarginal line, the two separated by a thin line of greenish-blue. F (Fig 2) Forewing mostly brownish black with five large rounded or oval spots, one of which is continuous with the pattern of the hindwing when the wings are spread. Hindwing brownish black with two white transverse bands, the postmedial band being broader and a second submarginal band slightly less well-defined.
UND: M (Fig 1&3) Forewing dark brownish towards the margins with variable rusty-brown and bluish hues, especially towards the apex. Large white oval at apex and a second conspicuous, large white blotch located medially on the costa are both usually visible when at rest. Costa is orange basally encompassing a short blue subcostal line. Hindwing mostly white with broad rusty-brown and black outer margin and rusty-brown "sideways spectacles" located postmedially, each "eye" with an indistinct small bluish dot, but lacking conspicuous ocelli ("eyespots"). Two vertical bands are located medially and basally, the medial band somewhat broader, but both rusty-brown in colour with blackish-brown borders and some variable bluish hues. F (Fig 2) Essentially similar but duller, especially basally.
BOD: M/F Upperside of body wholly blackish, labial palps and underside white. Antennae black with minute white bands and orange-tipped clubs. Eyes orange-brown. Legs white. Proboscis orange-yellow.
MMT: A small Biblid. No information for Paraguay. Canals (2003) gives a CL of 13-18mm.
SSP: Like all Dynamine this species is most easily identified by its underwing pattern which show the "sideways spectacles" of most other "blue sailors" but diagnostically lack the obvious "eyespots" present in other species. It is closest to Dynamine aerata and males are only reliably distinguished by the presence of clear dark eyespots in the "sideways spectacles". Dynamine postverta has the most marked "eyespots" of all on the ventral hindwing, whilst males are easily distinguished by the presence of large black spots on the forewing. Female postverta has numerous large white spots on the forewing (5 in this species) and three thin white bands across the hindwing (two broad bands in this species). Dynamine tithia is the most distinctive of the "blue sailors" having an underwing pattern that is mostly white and more reminiscent of the "white sailors". Males of that species are a much deeper blue in colour and have a diagonal row of three large whitish postmedial spots and two small white apical spots surrounded by black on the forewing.
ABU: Uncommon in suitable habitat.
HAB: Associated with humid forest edge, clearings and gardens in humid areas.
HOS: No information.
Citable Reference: Smith P (2007) FAUNA Paraguay Online Handbook of Paraguayan Fauna Butterfly Species Account 28 Dynamine artemisia
Last Updated: 10 April 2008.
References:
Canals G 2003 Mariposas de Misiones - LOLA, Buenos Aires.
ECOSARA Biodiversity Database
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FIGURE 1 - PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (Paul Smith March 07 - ECOSARA Biodiversity Database). 2 - PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (Paul Smith 29 Sep 07 - ECOSARA Biodiversity Database). 3 - PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (Paul Smith March 07 - ECOSARA Biodiversity Database). 4 - PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (Laura Tensen 29 March 08 - ECOSARA Biodiversity Database).
